High School Science Michigan Standards

Career Ready Skills

Act as a responsible and contributing citizen and employee.

Use technology to enhance productivity.

Utilize critical thinking to make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.

Work productively in teams while using cultural/global competence.

Apply appropriate academic and technical skills.

Attend to personal health and financial well-being.

Communicate clearly, effectively and with reason.

Consider the environmental, social and economic impacts of decisions.

Demonstrate creativity and innovation.

Employ valid and reliable research strategies.

Model integrity, ethical leadership and effective management.

Plan education and career path aligned to personal goals.

Analyze strategies to manage multiple roles and responsibilities (individual, family, career, community, and global).

Summarize local and global policies, issues, and trends in workplace, community, and family dynamics that affect individuals and families.

Analyze the effects of social, economic, and technological changes on work and family dynamics.

Analyze ways that individual career goals can affect the family's capacity to meet goals for all family members.

Analyze potential effects of various career path decisions on balancing work and family.

Determine goals for life-long learning and leisure opportunities for all family members.

Develop a life plan, including pathways to acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to achieve individual, family, and career goals.

Demonstrate transferable knowledge, attitudes, and technical and employability skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Evaluate the reciprocal effects of individual and family participation in community and civic activities.

Analyze goals that support individuals and family members in carrying out community and civic responsibilities.

Demonstrate skills that individuals and families can utilize to support civic engagement in community activities.

Analyze personal and family assets and skills that provide service to the community.

Analyze community resources and systems of formal and informal support available to individuals and families.

Analyze the effects of federal, state, and local public policies, agencies, and institutions on the family.

Identify ways individuals and families can influence change in policies, agencies, and institutions that affect individuals and families.

Analyze potential career choices to determine the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and opportunities associated with each career.

Demonstrate job seeking and job keeping skills.

Apply communication skills in school, community and workplace settings and with diverse populations.

Demonstrate teamwork skills in school, community and workplace settings and with diverse populations.

Analyze future-ready strategies to shape, manage, and utilize change, including changing technologies, in workplace settings.

Demonstrate leadership skills and abilities in school, workplace and community settings.

Analyze factors that contribute to maintaining safe and healthy school, work and community environments.

Demonstrate employability skills, work ethics, and professionalism.

Analyze career paths within consumer service industries.

Explain roles and functions of individuals engaged in consumer service careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in consumer services.

Analyze the effects of the consumer service industry on local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate skills needed for careers in consumer services.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in consumer service professions.

Analyze factors, including cultural, political, and geographical influences, that affect consumer advocacy.

Analyze the role of advocacy groups at state, national, and international levels.

Evaluate the contributions of policy makers to consumer advocacy.

Demonstrate strategies that enable consumers to become advocates.

Analyze the effects of consumer protection laws on advocacy.

Apply strategies to reduce the risk of consumer fraud.

Analyze the role of media in consumer advocacy.

Examine the effects of business and industry policies and procedures on advocacy.

Analyze the use of educational and promotional materials in consumer advocacy.

Analyze factors in guiding development of long-term financial management plans.

Explain the effects of the economy on personal income, individual and family security, and consumer decisions.

Demonstrate components of a financial planning process that reflect the distinction between needs, wants, values, goals, and economic resources for a variety of diverse populations.

Analyze the effect of consumer credit on short and long-term financial planning.

Compare investment and savings alternatives.

Examine the effects of risk management strategies on long-term financial planning.

Analyze the effect of key lifecycle transitions on financial planning.

Explain the role of estate planning in long-term financial planning.

Analyze factors that influence establishing and maintaining a good credit rating and the effect of credit ratings on rates and terms for credit and insurance.

Analyze resource consumption for conservation and waste management practices.

Investigate sources and types of residential and commercial energy, water policy and usage, waste disposal, and pollution issues.

Evaluate local, state, and national consumer programs and services, both private and government, to recycle and conserve energy and environmental resources.

Explore a variety of strategies and practices to conserve energy and reduce waste.

Examine waste management issues and local, national, international, and global issues.

Examine roles of government, culture, industry, and family in energy consumption.

Demonstrate skills needed for product development, testing, and presentation.

Conduct market research to determine consumer trends and product development needs for diverse populations.

Design or analyze a consumer product.

Analyze features, prices, product information, styles, and performance of consumer goods for potential global impact and trade-offs among the components.

Evaluate a product utilizing valid and reliable testing procedures.

Apply statistical analysis processes to interpret, summarize, and report data from tests.

Evaluate the labeling, packaging, and support materials of consumer goods.

Demonstrate a plan to educate an audience about a new product on the consumer market.

Utilize appropriate marketing and sales techniques to aid consumers in the selection of goods and services that meet consumer needs.

Demonstrate management of individual and family resources such as food, clothing, shelter, health care, recreation, transportation, time, and human capital.

Apply time management, organizational, and process skills to prioritize tasks and achieve goals.

Analyze how individuals and families make choices to satisfy needs and wants.

Analyze decisions about providing safe and nutritious food for individuals and families.

Apply consumer skills to providing and maintaining clothing.

Apply consumer skills to decisions about housing, utilities, and furnishings.

Summarize information about procuring and maintaining health care to meet the needs of individuals and family members.

Apply consumer skills to decisions about recreation.

Apply consumer skills to acquire and maintain transportation that meets the needs of individuals and family members.

Analyze the relationship between the global environment and family and consumer resources.

Analyze individual and family responsibility in relation to the environmental trends and issues.

Summarize environmental trends and issues affecting families and future generations.

Demonstrate behaviors that conserve, reuse, and recycle resources to maintain the environment.

Evaluate government regulations for conserving natural resources.

Analyze policies that support consumer rights and responsibilities.

Analyze state and federal policies and laws providing consumer protection.

Analyze how policies become laws relating to consumer rights.

Apply skills to seek information regarding consumer rights.

Evaluate the effects of technology on individual and family resources in a global context.

Analyze the types of technology and software programs that affect family and consumer decision-making.

Analyze how media and technological advances influence family and consumer decisions.

Assess the use of technology and its effect on quality of life.

Analyze relationships between the economic system and consumer actions in a global context.

Analyze the use of resources in making choices that satisfy needs and wants of individuals, families, and communities.

Analyze individual and family roles in the economic system.

Analyze economic effects of laws and regulations that pertain to consumers and providers of services.

Analyze practices that allow families to maintain economic self-sufficiency.

Demonstrate management of financial resources to meet the goals of individuals and families across the life span.

Evaluate the need for personal and family financial planning.

Apply financial management principles to individual and family financial practices.

Apply management principles to decisions about insurance for individuals and families.

Evaluate personal and legal documents related to effective management of individual and family finances.

Demonstrate the ability to use knowledge and skills to manage one's financial resources effectively for a lifetime of financial security.

Demonstrate management of individual and family finances by applying reliable information and systematic decision making.

Analyze how education, income, career, and life choices relate to achieving financial goals.

Manage money effectively by developing financial goals and budgets.

Manage credit and debt to remain both creditworthy and financially secure.

Analyze the features of insurance, its role in balancing risk and benefits in financial planning.

Analyze saving and investing to build long-term financial security and wealth.

Human Sustainability

Weather and Climate

Earth’s Systems

History of Earth

Space Systems

Use a model to observe and describe that reactions inside the Sun release energy as radiation, and some of this radiation reaches Earth.

Given models or illustrations of the Sun, Earth, and Earth’s moon, identify that the Sun holds Earth in orbit and Earth holds its moon in orbit due to differences in mass that cause gravitational forces.

Use models to identify evidence of past and current tectonic plate movement and explain the relative ages of rocks in Earth’s crust.

Use models to identify evidence of past and current tectonic plate movement and explain the relative ages of rocks in Earth’s crust.

Use models to identify past effects of tectonic plate collisions (i.e., a volcano, earthquakes).

Given a simulation or demonstration, identify the effects of tectonic plates colliding (volcano eruptions, earthquake, etc.)

Use models of the layers of Earth to show that the Earth formed over a long period of time.

Use a model to describe that reactions inside the Sun release energy as radiation, and some of this radiation reaches Earth.

Given models or illustrations of the Sun, Earth, and Earth’s moon, identify that the Sun holds Earth in orbit and Earth holds its moon in orbit due to differences in mass that cause gravitational forces.

Use models of the layers of Earth to show that the Earth formed over a long period of time.

Use a model of the solar system (Sun, Earth, Moon) to identify the Sun as the source of heat and/or light for Earth.

Given scaled models of Earth and the moon, identify the moon as the object orbiting Earth.

Use a model to identify the layer of Earth on which people live.

Use a model to trace the path of solar radiation (as heat and light) from the Sun to Earth.

Given scaled models or illustrations, identify that planets orbit the Sun because it has greater mass or exerts greater gravitational force.

Use a model to identify Earth’s crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.

Participate in an investigation to identify the effects of water on earth materials (such as soil, sand, rocks, etc.).

Use evidence to describe a simple carbon cycle between two or more Earth systems (hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere).

Participate in an investigation to identify the effects of water on earth materials (such as soil, sand, rocks, etc.).

Use evidence to describe a simple carbon cycle between two or more Earth systems (hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere).

In a demonstration of water’s effect on soil or gravel, identify which material acted on the other (i.e., water washed away the soil).

Use a model or illustration of the interdependency between plants and people to identify that people breathe in oxygen.

Use a model or simulation to identify erosion as the interaction of water and earth materials (such as soil or gravel).

Use a model or illustration to describe the dependence on oxygen and/or carbon dioxide between people and plants.

Use evidence to describe how natural resources, natural hazards, and climate change affect human populations.

Participate in investigations to determine and/or describe a solution that best results in reducing the human impact on a natural resource.

While exploring and asking questions about biodiversity, use evidence to describe the effects of human populations on biodiversity and the sustainable use of natural resources (students are not expected to define biodiversity).

Use weather data to describe changes in local, regional, and global climate.

Use weather data to describe changes in local, regional, and global climate.

Given weather and non-weather data, identify the weather data.

Use descriptions and illustrations to identify weather patterns in a given region.

Use evidence to describe how natural resources, natural hazards, and climate change affect human populations.

Participate in investigations to determine and/or describe a solution that best results in reducing the human impact on a natural resource.

While exploring and asking questions about biodiversity, use evidence to describe the effects of human populations on biodiversity and the sustainable use of natural resources (students are not expected to define biodiversity).

Given a model, identify a natural resource and/or a natural hazard.

Match a human activity or behavior to a natural resource it is intended to conserve.

Given a picture of a human development (population), identify a natural resource that is being used.

Given evidence about natural resources or natural hazards in an area, identify one or more positive and/or negative ways that humans may be affected.

Given a natural resource, identify a human activity that demonstrates conservation or a reduced human impact on that natural resource.

Given evidence about a human population and a natural resource being used, identify whether the resource will increase, decrease, or remain the same (sustainable use).

Analyze career paths within early childhood, education and related services.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in early childhood, education, and services.

Analyze opportunities for employment, entrepreneurial endeavors, and emerging careers.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in early childhood, education, and services.

Analyze the impact of early childhood, education, and services occupations on individual/family, local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate education and early childhood knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in education and early childhood.

Analyze developmentally appropriate and culturally responsive practices to plan for early childhood, education, and services.

Analyze child development theories and their implications for educational and childcare practices.

Explore assessment tools and methods to observe and interpret children's growth and development and apply to assess growth and development across the lifespan.

Analyze cultural and environmental influences when assessing development of children, youth and adults.

Address specific developmental needs of children, youth and adults based on assessment of their abilities.

Analyze strategies that promote growth and development of children, youth and adults.

Demonstrate integration of curriculum and instruction to meet developmental needs and interests of children, youth and adults, considering gender, ethnicity, geographical, cultural, and global influences.

Analyze a variety of curriculum and instructional models.

Implement learning activities in all curriculum areas that meet the developmental needs of learners.

Implement an integrated curriculum that incorporates a learner's language, learning styles, early experiences, and cultural values.

Demonstrate a variety of teaching methods to meet individual needs of learners.

Arrange the classroom environment to provide for learners' exploration, discovery, development, and reflection through multiple methods including learning centers.

Establish effective activities, routines, and transitions for various age groups.

Demonstrate a safe and healthy learning environment for children, youth and adults.

Manage physical space to maintain a learning environment that is safe and healthy and encourages physical activity.

Apply safe and healthy practices that comply with local, state, and federal regulations to assure learners' safety.

Implement strategies to teach health, safety, and sanitation habits.

Plan safe and healthy meals and snacks that meet USDA standards.

Document symptoms of abuse and neglect and use appropriate procedures to report suspected abuse or neglect to the designated authorities.

Implement basic health practices and prevention procedures for workers and learners regarding illness, communicable diseases, accidents and trauma.

Demonstrate security and emergency procedures.

Demonstrate skills for building and maintaining positive collaborative relationships with children, youth and adults in their family and community environments, considering gender, ethnicity, geographical, cultural, and global influences.

Apply developmentally appropriate and culturally responsive guidelines for behavior.

Demonstrate problem-solving and decision making skills when working with children, youth and adults.

Demonstrate interpersonal skills that promote positive and productive relationships with learners.

Implement strategies for constructive and supportive interactions between children, youth and adults and their families and communities.

Analyze learners' developmental progress and summarize developmental issues and concerns.

Demonstrate professional practices and standards related to working with children, youth and adults, including diverse populations.

Explore opportunities for continuing training and education.

Apply professional ethical standards as accepted by the recognized professional organizations.

Implement federal, state, and local standards, policies, regulations, and laws that affect programs for children, youth and adults and their families.

Demonstrate enthusiasm, initiative, and commitment to program goals and improvements.

Examine entrepreneurial and management skills to planning businesses in early childhood, education, and services.

Identify ways educators can advocate to influence policies, agencies, and institutions for the benefit of children, youth and adults and their families.

Engineering Design

Use evidence to describe major global challenges for which humans need or want solutions.

During a class investigation of a complex real- world problem, identify a sub- problem and a potential solution that uses engineering.

When participating in a group investigation of solutions to a real-world problem, use two factors or criteria (such as cost, safety, reliability, and/or aesthetics) to recommend which of three solutions is best given the factors/criteria.

Use evidence to describe major global challenges for which humans need or want solutions.

During a class investigation of a complex real- "world problem, identify a sub- problem and a potential solution that uses engineering."

When participating in a group investigation of solutions to a real- "world problem, use two factors or criteria (such as cost, safety, reliability, and/or aesthetics) to" recommend which of three solutions is best given the factors/criteria.

Given a common familiar challenge, identify who/what is most impacted (hurt by it).

During a class investigation of a common, familiar "problem related to the student’s direct experience (such as within the classroom, school, family, or" community), identify a smaller problem that is related to a larger problem.

Given a possible solution and a non-solution, identify a possible solution to a common, familiar problem.

Given evidence about a common challenge, identify one or more effect(s) to "people or the environment if solutions are not developed."

During a class investigation of a common, familiar "problem limited to the student’s local community or within the state of Michigan, identify a smaller" problem that is related to a larger problem.

Given two or more solutions to a common, familiar problem, identify which "solution best meets a specific criteria or constraint."

Analyze career paths within the facilities management and maintenance areas.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in facilities management careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in facilities management.

Analyze the correlation between facilities management occupations and local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate facilities management careers knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in facilities management professions.

Demonstrate planning, organizing, and maintaining an efficient operation of residential or commercial facilities.

Apply environmental services standards and procedures in residential and commercial settings.

Operate cleaning equipment and tools.

Manage use of supplies.

Maintain building interior surfaces, wall coverings, fabrics, furnishings, and floor surfaces.

Perform facilities maintenance based on established standards and procedures.

Analyze energy efficient methods and practices in a variety of geographic and cultural settings.

Demonstrate sanitation procedures for a clean and safe environment.

Analyze the various types of cleaning methods and their environmental effects.

Summarize federal and state regulations regarding safe handling, usage, and storage of chemicals.

Apply Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations to safety procedures for bloodborne pathogens present in blood and body fluids.

Select a pest control system appropriate for the facility and the type(s) of pests likely to be present.

Utilize Centers for Disease Control (CDC) standards.

Integrate Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regulations.

Apply hazardous materials and waste management procedures.

Investigate local, federal, and state regulations and geographic and cultural influences regarding waste management.

Demonstrate a waste minimization plan.

Practice a recycling program for conservation of resources.

Record presence of hazardous materials and occurrence of hazardous situations accurately and communicate to appropriate authorities.

Describe procedures for safely handling and storing hazardous materials and waste products.

Design energy efficient methods for waste management in diverse settings.

Investigate safe storage and disposal of pesticides.

Demonstrate a work environment that provides safety and security.

Design procedures for external and internal emergencies.

Apply security procedures.

Demonstrate safe procedures in the use, care, and storage of equipment.

Apply safety and security procedures as required by Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP), Occupational Safety and Health Administrations (OSHA), and other agencies.

Apply procedures for control of infection and infectious materials.

Demonstrate laundering processes aligned with industry standards and regulations.

Summarize the functions of machines and equipment used in laundering operations.

Demonstrate standard laundry procedures.

Apply procedures for the selection of textiles, chemicals, and equipment in the laundering process.

Apply industry regulations to laundry/linen systems.

Demonstrate facilities management functions.

Demonstrate quality customer service which exceeds customer expectations in diverse settings.

Demonstrate the elements involved in staff planning, recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and terminating of employees.

Design staff schedules that meet industry needs and consider individual diversity.

Conduct orientation, regular training and education, and on the job training/retraining, considering employee diversity.

Demonstrate techniques and strategies to evaluate employee effectiveness.

Apply principles of purchasing and receiving in facility management operations.

Implement procedures to control inventory.

Apply accounting principles in planning, forecasting, and recording profit and loss.

Develop a marketing plan for a business or department.

Analyze career paths within family and human services.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in family and human services careers.

Investigate opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in family and human services.

Analyze the effects of family and human service careers on local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate family and human services knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in family and human services professions.

Analyze factors in providing family and human services.

Describe local, state, and national agencies and informal support resources providing human services.

Analyze professional, ethical, legal, and safety issues for human services employees.

Summarize licensing laws and regulations that affect service providers and their participants.

Analyze harmful, fraudulent, unethical, and deceptive human services practices.

Summarize the rights and responsibilities of human service participants and their families.

Analyze effective self-advocacy strategies for human services professionals.

Investigate community-networking opportunities in family and human services.

Demonstrate professional behaviors, skills, and knowledge in providing family and human services.

Evaluate rules, regulations, legal and work site policies that affect employer, employee, personal, and family rights and responsibilities.

Demonstrate professional and ethical behavior with peers in a variety of settings.

Analyze procedures for maintaining accurate and confidential documentation and submission practices.

Demonstrate formal and informal assessment practices that evaluate participants' strengths, needs, preferences, and interests across the life span.

Demonstrate use of current and evolving technology in human services.

Analyze the impact of conditions that could influence the well-being of individuals and families.

Investigate health, wellness, and safety issues of individual and families with a variety of conditions that could influence their well-being.

Analyze management and living environment issues of individuals and family conditions that influence their well-being.

Analyze personal, social, emotional, economic, vocational, educational, and recreational issues of individuals and family conditions that influence their well-being.

Differentiate between situations that require personal prevention or intervention and those situations that require professional assistance.

Analyze situations which require crisis intervention.

Summarize the appropriate support needed to address selected human services issues.

Evaluate services for individuals and families with a variety of conditions that could impact their well-being.

Describe needs and accommodations for people with a variety of conditions that could affect their well-being.

Analyze ways in which individuals with conditions that affect their well-being influence the family and family members financially, socially, physically, and emotionally over the lifespan.

Illustrate coping or adjustment strategies and stress management practices for the participant, a caregiver, and family members.

Summarize the importance of friends, family, and community relationships for individuals with a variety of conditions that affect their well-being.

Demonstrate ways to provide support that validates the participants' capabilities and right to privacy, dignity, and autonomy.

Identify strategies that help participants make informed choices, access resources and support, follow through on responsibilities, and take appropriate risks.

Demonstrate effective verbal and nonverbal communication skills that support individuals and families with a variety of conditions that could affect their well-being.

Analyze the effects of family as a system on individuals and society.

Analyze family as the basic unit of society.

Analyze the role of family in transmitting societal expectations.

Analyze global influences on today's families.

Analyze the role of family in teaching culture and traditions across the life span.

Analyze the role of family in developing independence, interdependence, and commitment of family members.

Analyze the effects of change and transitions over the life course.

Analyze the ways family and consumer sciences careers assist the work of the family.

Evaluate the effects of diverse perspectives, needs, and characteristics of individual and families.

Demonstrate awareness of multiple diversities and their effects on individuals, families, and society.

Analyze the effects of social and cultural diversity on individual and families.

Analyze the effects of empathy for diversity on individuals in family, work, and community settings.

Demonstrate respect for diversity with sensitivity to anti-bias, gender, equity, age, culture, and ethnicity.

Analyze the effects of globalization and increasing diversity on individuals, families, and society.

Analyze career paths within the food production and food services industries.

Explain the roles, duties, and functions of individuals engaged in food production and services careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in food production and services.

Analyze the correlation between food production and services occupations and local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate food production and services knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in food production and services.

Demonstrate food safety and sanitation procedures.

Identify characteristics of major foodborne pathogens, their role in causing illness, foods involved in outbreaks, and methods of prevention.

Demonstrate safe and environmentally responsible waste disposal and recycling methods.

Demonstrate ability to maintain necessary records to document time and temperature control, HACCP, employee health, maintenance of equipment, and other elements of food preparation, storage, and presentation.

Employ food service management safety/sanitation program procedures, including CPR and first aid.

Use knowledge of systems for documenting, investigating, reporting, and preventing foodborne illness.

Use the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and crisis management principles and procedures during food handling processes to minimize the risks of foodborne illness.

Practice standard personal hygiene and wellness procedures.

Demonstrate proper purchasing, receiving, storage, and handling of both raw and prepared foods.

Demonstrate safe food handling and preparation techniques that prevent cross contamination from potentially hazardous foods and food groups.

Analyze current types of cleaning and sanitizing materials for proper use.

Use the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Right to Know Law and Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and explain their requirements in safe handling and storage of hazardous materials.

Demonstrate industry standards in selecting, using, and maintaining food production and food service equipment.

Operate tools and equipment following safety procedures and OSHA requirements.

Maintain tools and equipment following safety procedures and OSHA requirements.

Demonstrate procedures for cleaning and sanitizing equipment, serving dishes, glassware, and utensils to meet industry standards and OSHA requirements.

Analyze equipment purchases based on long-term business needs, specific regulations, and codes related to foods.

Demonstrate procedures for safe and secure storage of equipment and tools.

Identify a variety of types of equipment for food processing, cooking, holding, storing, and serving.

Demonstrate menu planning principles and techniques based on standardized recipes to meet customer needs.

Use computer based menu systems to develop and modify menus.

Apply menu-planning principles to develop and modify menus.

Analyze food, equipment, and supplies needed for menu production.

Develop a variety of menu layouts, themes, and design styles.

Prepare requisitions for food, equipment, and supplies to meet production requirements.

Record performance of menu items to analyze sales and determine menu revisions.

Apply principles of measurement, portion control, conversions, food cost analysis and control, menu terminology, and menu pricing to menu planning.

Demonstrate professional food preparation methods and techniques for all menu categories to produce a variety of food products that meet customer needs.

Demonstrate professional skills in safe handling of knives, tools, and equipment.

Prepare breads, baked goods and desserts using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Prepare breakfast meats, eggs, cereals, and batter products using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Demonstrate professional plating, garnishing, and food presentation techniques.

Integrate sustainability in food production and services including menu planning; acquisition, preparation, and serving of food; storage; and recycling and waste management.

Demonstrate cooking methods that increase nutritional value, lower calorie and fat content, and utilize herbs and spices to enhance flavor.

Demonstrate professional skill for a variety of cooking methods including roasting, broiling, smoking, grilling, sautéing, pan frying, deep frying, braising, stewing, poaching, steaming, and baking using professional equipment and current technologies.

Demonstrate knowledge of portion control and proper scaling and measurement techniques.

Apply the fundamentals of time, temperature, and cooking methods to cooking, cooling, reheating, and holding of a variety of foods.

Prepare various meats, seafood, and poultry using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Prepare various stocks, soups, and sauces using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Prepare various fruits, vegetables, starches, legumes, dairy products, fats, and oils using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Prepare various salads, dressings, marinades, and spices using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Prepare sandwiches, canapes and appetizers using safe handling and professional preparation techniques.

Demonstrate implementation of food service management and leadership functions.

Apply principles of purchasing, receiving, and storing in food service operations.

Apply principles of inventory management, labor cost and control techniques, production planning and control, sustainability, and facilities management to planning and front and back of the house operations.

Practice inventory procedures including first in/first out concept, date marking, and specific record keeping.

Apply accounting procedures in planning and forecasting profit and loss.

Examine the areas of risk management and legal liability within the food service industry.

Apply human resource policies including rules, regulations, laws, hiring, compensation, overtime, discrimination, and harassment.

Apply the procedures involved in staff planning, recruiting, interviewing, selecting, scheduling, performance reviewing, and terminating of employees.

Conduct staff orientation, initial training and education, consistent reinforcement of training principles, and on the job training/retraining.

Implement marketing plans for food service operations.

Design internal/external crisis management and disaster plans and response procedures.

Demonstrate the concept of internal and external customer service.

Analyze the role of quality service as a strategic component of exceptional performance.

Demonstrate quality service techniques and procedures that meet industry standards in the food service industry.

Analyze the relationship between employee attitude and skills and customer satisfaction.

Apply procedures for addressing and resolving complaints.

Demonstrate sensitivity to diversity and special needs.

Analyze career paths within food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition.

Analyze the correlation between food science, dietetics, and nutrition occupations and local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition careers knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition careers.

Apply risk management procedures to food safety, food testing, and sanitation.

Analyze factors that contribute to food borne illness.

Analyze food service management safety and sanitation programs.

Implement industry standards for documenting, investigating, and reporting foodborne illnesses.

Use the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) during all food handling processes (the flow of food) to minimize the risks of food borne illness.

Demonstrate practices and procedures that assure personal and workplace health and hygiene.

Demonstrate standard procedures for receiving, storage, and preparation of raw and prepared foods.

Classify cleaning and sanitizing materials and their correct use.

Use Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) Right to Know Law and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and explain their requirements in handling hazardous materials.

Demonstrate waste disposal and recycling methods.

Evaluate nutrition principles, food plans, preparation techniques and specialized dietary plans.

Analyze nutrient requirements across the life span addressing the diversity of people, culture, and religions.

Analyze nutritional data.

Apply principles of food production to maximize nutrient retention in menus.

Assess the influence of cultural, socioeconomic and psychological factors on food and nutrition and behavior.

Analyze recipe/formula proportions and modifications for food production.

Critique the selection of foods to promote a healthy lifestyle.

Plan menus, applying the exchange system to meet various nutrient needs.

Apply basic concepts of nutrition and nutrition therapy in a variety of settings, considering social, geographical, cultural, and global influences.

Analyze nutritional needs of individuals.

Use nutritional information to support care planning.

Determine when to provide a selective menu approach in nutrition therapy settings.

Construct a modified diet based on nutritional needs and health conditions.

Design instruction on nutrition to promote wellness and disease prevention.

Demonstrate use of science and technology advancements in food product development and marketing.

Analyze various factors that affect food preferences in the marketing of food to a variety of populations.

Analyze data in statistical analysis when making development and marketing decisions.

Prepare food for presentation and assessment.

Maintain test kitchen/ laboratory and related equipment and supplies.

Implement procedures that affect quality product performance and sustainability.

Conduct sensory evaluations of food products.

Conduct testing for safety of food products, utilizing available technology.

Demonstrate food science, dietetics, and nutrition management principles and practices.

Build menus to customer/ client preferences.

Implement food preparation, production, and testing systems.

Apply standards for food quality and sustainability.

Create standardized recipes.

Manage food production to meet needs and preferences of diverse customer populations.

Analyze new products utilizing most current guidelines and innovations in technology.

Implement procedures that provide cost effective products.

Establish par levels for the purchase of supplies based on an organization's needs.

Utilize Food Code Points of time, temperature, date markings, cross contamination, hand washing, and personal hygiene as criteria for safe food preparation.

Demonstrate principles of food biology and chemistry.

Explain the properties of elements, compounds, and mixtures in foods and food products.

Analyze the effects of thermodynamics on chemical reactions in foods and food products.

Explain the process of ionization in the formation of acids and bases and effect on food and food products.

Explain the impact of molecular structure of simple and complex carbohydrates on digestion, nutrition, and food preparation procedures.

Relate the composition of lipids and proteins to their functions in foods and their impact on food preparation and nutrition.

Explain the value of molds and enzymes in food products.

Analyze the impact of food presentation methods and techniques on nutrient value, safety and sanitation, and consumer appeal of food and products.

Engineering Design

Human Sustainability

Weather and Climate

Earth's Systems

History of Earth

Space Systems

Natural Selection and Evolution

Inheritance and Variation of Traits

Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

Matter and Energy in Organisms and Ecosystems

Structure and Function

Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation

Energy

Forces and Interactions

Chemical Reactions

Structure and Properties of Matter

Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun's core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation.

Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.

Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, produce elements.

Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.

Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust and the theory of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks.

Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to construct an account of Earth's formation and early history.

Develop a model to illustrate how Earth's internal and surface processes operate at different spatial and temporal scales to form continental and ocean-floor features.

Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth's surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to other Earth systems.

Develop a model based on evidence of Earth's interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection.

Use a model to describe how variations in the flow of energy into and out of Earth's systems result in changes in climate.

Plan and conduct an investigation of the properties of water and its effects on Earth materials and surface processes.

Develop a quantitative model to describe the cycling of carbon among the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.

Construct an argument based on evidence about the simultaneous coevolution of Earth's systems and life on Earth.

Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity.

Evaluate competing design solutions for developing, managing, and utilizing energy and mineral resources based on cost-benefit ratios.

Create a computational simulation to illustrate the relationships among management of natural resources, the sustainability of human populations, and biodiversity.

Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems.

Analyze geoscience data and the results from global climate models to make an evidence-based forecast of the current rate of global or regional climate change and associated future impacts to Earth systems.

Use a computational representation to illustrate the relationships among Earth systems and how those relationships are being modified due to human activity.

Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.

Use a computer simulation to model the impact of proposed solutions to a complex real-world problem with numerous criteria and constraints on interactions within and between systems relevant to the problem.

Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.

Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.

Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that feedback mechanisms maintain homeostasis.

Use a model to illustrate the role of cellular division (mitosis) and differentiation in producing and maintaining complex organisms.

Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy.

Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form amino acids and/or other large carbon-based molecules.

Use a model to illustrate that cellular respiration is a chemical process whereby the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and the bonds in new compounds are formed resulting in a net transfer of energy.

Use mathematical and/or computational representations to support explanations of factors that affect carrying capacity of ecosystems at different scales.

Use mathematical representations to support and revise explanations based on evidence about factors affecting biodiversity and populations in ecosystems of different scales.

Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the cycling of matter and flow of energy in aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Use mathematical representations to support claims for the cycling of matter and flow of energy among organisms in an ecosystem.

Develop a model to illustrate the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of carbon among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.

Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the complex interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, but changing conditions may result in a new ecosystem.

Design, evaluate, and refine a solution for reducing the impacts of human activities on the environment and biodiversity.

Evaluate the evidence for the role of group behavior on individual and species' chances to survive and reproduce.

Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.

Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.

Apply concepts of statistics and probability to explain the variation and distribution of expressed traits in a population.

Communicate scientific information that common ancestry and biological evolution are supported by multiple lines of empirical evidence.

Construct an explanation based on evidence that the process of evolution primarily results from four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3) competition for limited resources, and (4) the proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in the environment.

Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.

Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations.

Evaluate the evidence supporting claims that changes in environmental conditions may result in: (1) increases in the number of individuals of some species, (2) the emergence of new species over time, and (3) the extinction of other species.

Create or revise a simulation to test a solution to mitigate adverse impacts of human activity on biodiversity.

Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.

Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.

Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.

Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs.

Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium.

Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction.

Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay.

Analyze data to support the claim that Newton's second law of motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration.

Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system.

Apply scientific and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision.

Use mathematical representations of Newton's Law of Gravitation and Coulomb's Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects.

Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current.

Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials.

Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.

Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative position of particles (objects).

Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy.

Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).

Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction.

Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media.

Evaluate questions about the advantages of using a digital transmission and storage of information.

Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other.

Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter.

Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.

Analyze career paths within the hospitality, tourism and recreation industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in hospitality, tourism, and recreation careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment in hospitality, tourism, and recreation careers.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in hospitality, tourism, and recreation careers.

Analyze the correlation between the hospitality industry and local, state, national and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate hospitality, tourism, and recreation knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in the hospitality, tourism, and recreation professions.

Demonstrate procedures applied to safety, security, and environmental issues.

Explain the importance of safety, security, and environmental issues related to the hospitality, tourism, and recreation industries.

Demonstrate procedures for assuring guest or customer safety.

Evaluate evacuation plans and emergency procedures.

Demonstrate management and conservation of resources for energy efficiency and protection of the environment.

Design a system for documenting, investigating, and taking action on safety, security, and environmental issues.

Apply concepts of quality service to ensure customer satisfaction.

Apply industry standards for service that meets cultural and geographic expectations of guests or customers.

Analyze how employee dispositions can impact customer satisfaction.

Apply a system to evaluate and resolve employee, employer, guest, or customer complaints.

Analyze effects of customer relations on success of the hospitality, tourism, and or recreation industry.

Demonstrate effective cultural awareness and customer relations to meet the hospitality, tourism, and recreation needs of special populations.

Demonstrate practices and skills involved in hospitality and lodging occupations.

Demonstrate front desk, office, and customer service skills.

Demonstrate accounting practices and financial transactions.

Manage convention, meeting, and banquet support functions.

Apply basic food preparation and service skills in catering operations.

Manage use, care, storage, maintenance, and safe operations of equipment, tools, and supplies.

Apply facility management, maintenance, and service skills to hospitality and lodging operations.

Apply time and work management skills to facility service tasks.

Analyze sales and marketing functions in hospitality and lodging operations.

Demonstrate practices and skills for travel related services.

Investigate geography, climate, sites, time zones, and political and global influences of various regions and countries.

Investigate hospitality, lodging, tourism, and recreation customs of various regions and countries.

Apply knowledge of food, beverage, and etiquette of various regions and countries to decisions about hospitality, lodging, tourism, and recreation.

Research regulations and cultural expectations to determine information needed for diverse cliental for domestic and international travel.

Create travel documents and itineraries, utilizing current technology.

Analyze travel arrangements using computerized systems.

Demonstrate management of recreation, leisure, and other programs and events.

Coordinate client inquiries and requests.

Design themes, timelines, budgets, agendas, and itineraries for specific programs and events.

Organize resources and information about locations, facilities, suppliers, and vendors for specific services.

Prepare event materials for distribution.

Demonstrate skills related to promoting and publicizing events.

Manage programs and events for specific age groups or diverse populations.

Promote wellness initiatives through recreation and leisure programs and events.

Evaluate overall effectiveness of specific events.

Describe tourism related organizations and agencies and their impact on hospitality, lodging, travel, and recreation operations.

Analyze career paths within the housing, interior design, and furnishings industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in housing and interior design careers.

Analyze career paths and opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education, training, and credentialing requirements and opportunities for career paths in housing and interior design.

Analyze the value of interior design to individuals, families, and society including the financial benefits and the impact of housing and interior design careers on individual/family, local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate housing and interior design careers knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in housing and interior design professions.

Analyze the attitudes, traits, and values of professional responsibility, accountability and effectiveness required for careers in housing and interior design.

Evaluate housing and design concepts and theories, including sustainability and universal design, in relation to available resources and options.

Evaluate the use of elements and principles of design in housing and commercial and residential interiors.

Analyze the psychological impact that the principles and elements of design have on the individual.

Analyze the effects that the principles and elements of design have on aesthetics and function.

Apply principles of human behavior, ergonomics, and anthropometrics to the design of housing, interiors, and furnishings.

Apply residential and commercial interior design knowledge, skills and processes to meet specific design needs.

Analyze product information, including but not limited to floor coverings, wall coverings, textiles, window treatments, furniture, lighting fixtures, kitchen and bath fixtures and equipment.

Evaluate manufacturers, products, and materials considering building codes and regulations, environmental protection, care and maintenance, and safety issues.

Demonstrate measuring, estimating, ordering, purchasing, pricing, and repurposing skills.

Appraise various interior furnishings, finishes, fixtures, appliances, and equipment to provide cost and quality choices for clients.

Examine the impact of housing, interiors, and furnishings on the health, safety, and welfare of the public.

Demonstrate design processes such as determining the scope of the project, programming, research, concept development, schematic design, design drawing, and design development and presentation.

Demonstrate design, construction document reading, and space planning skills required for the housing, interior design and furnishings industries.

Interpret information provided on design, construction, and other industry-related interior design documents.

Evaluate floor plans for efficiency and safety in areas including but not limited to zones; traffic patterns; storage; and electrical, plumbing, ventilation, and thermal systems.

Draft an interior space to scale using architecture symbols.

Arrange furniture placement with reference to principles of design, traffic flow, activity, and existing architectural features.

Apply building codes, universal design guidelines, and regulations in space planning and arrangement of furniture and furnishings.

Demonstrate graphic communication skills (CAD, PowerPoint, sketching).

Analyze design and development of architecture, interiors, and furnishings through the ages.

Describe features of furnishings that are characteristic of various historical periods.

Explain societal and technological trends on periods of architecture and interior design through the ages.

Illustrate the development of architectural styles throughout history.

Compare and contrast historical architectural details to current housing and interior design trends.

Predict future design and development trends in architecture, interiors, and furnishings.

Evaluate client's needs, goals, and resources in creating design plans for housing and residential and commercial interiors.

Assess financial resources needed to improve interior space.

Assess client's community, family, and financial resources needed to achieve housing and interior design goals.

Assess a variety of available resources for housing and interior design, such as evidence based design that accounts for human factors and issues of human behavior.

Critique design plans to address client's needs, goals and resources.

Justify design solutions relative to client needs, including diversity and cultural needs, and the design process.

Apply design knowledge, skills, processes, and theories and oral, written, and visual presentation skills to communicate design ideas.

Select appropriate studio tools.

Prepare sketches, elevations, perspectives, and renderings using appropriate media.

Prepare visual presentations including legends, keys, and schedules.

Utilize a variety of presentation media including drawings, photography, video, computer, and software for client presentations.

Utilize applicable building codes and universal design regulations and guidelines in space planning.

Create floor plans using architectural drafting skills and computer aided design software.

Analyze professional practices and procedures for business profitability and career success, and the role of ethics in the housing, interiors and furnishings industries.

Examine legislation, regulations, and public policy that affect residential and commercial interior design as well as the housing and furnishings industries.

Analyze personal and employer responsibilities and liabilities regarding industry related safety, security, and environmental factors.

Describe security and inventory control strategies, laws and regulations, and worksite policies and procedures that affect loss prevention and profit.

Demonstrate procedures for reporting and handling accidents, safety, and security incidents.

Apply procedures for maintaining inventory control and loss prevention, including cash and credit transactions.

Analyze operational costs such as mark ups, mark downs, cash flow, and other factors affecting profit.

Demonstrate knowledge of the arts, of various resources, and of cultural impact upon design industries.

Demonstrate knowledge of multi-disciplinary collaboration and consensus building skills needed in practice.

Develop a global view to weigh design decisions with the parameters of sustainability and socioeconomic and cultural contexts within the housing, interior design, and furnishings industries.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills to incorporate recycle and redesign principles.

Analyze principles of human growth and development across the life span.

Analyze physical, emotional, social, moral, and cognitive development.

Analyze interrelationships among physical, emotional, social, moral, and cognitive aspects of human growth and development.

Analyze current and emerging research about human growth and development, including but not limited to brain development research.

Analyze conditions that influence human growth and development.

Analyze the influences of heredity and environment on human growth and development.

Analyze the influences of social, economic, and technological forces on individual growth and development.

Analyze the influences of gender, ethnicity, and culture on individual development.

Analyze the influences of life events on individuals' physical, emotional, social, moral and cognitive development.

Analyze geographic, political, and global influences on human growth and development.

Analyze strategies that promote growth and development across the life span.

Analyze the role of nurturance on human growth and development.

Analyze the role of communication on human growth and development.

Analyze the role of educational and family and social services support systems and resources in meeting human growth and development needs.

Analyze functions and expectations of various types of relationships.

Analyze processes for building and maintaining interpersonal relationships.

Predict the effects of various stages of the family life cycle on interpersonal relationships.

Compare physical, emotional, spiritual and intellectual functioning in stable and unstable relationships.

Analyze factors that contribute to healthy and unhealthy relationships.

Analyze processes for handling unhealthy relationships.

Demonstrate stress management strategies for family, work, and community settings.

Analyze personal needs and characteristics and their effects on interpersonal relationships.

Analyze the effects of personal characteristics on relationships.

Analyze the effect of personal need on relationships.

Analyze the effects of self-esteem and self-image on relationships.

Analyze the effects of life span events and conditions on relationships.

Explain the effects of personal standards and behaviors on interpersonal relationships.

Demonstrate communication skills that contribute to positive relationships.

Analyze communication styles and their effects on relationships.

Demonstrate verbal and nonverbal behaviors and attitudes that contribute to effective communication.

Demonstrate effective listening and feedback techniques.

Analyze strategies to overcome communication barriers in family, community and work settings.

Apply ethical principles of communication in family, community and work settings.

Analyze the effects of technology on communications in family, work, and community settings.

Analyze the roles and functions of communications in family, work, and community settings.

Evaluate effective conflict prevention and management techniques.

Analyze the origin and development of attitudes and behaviors regarding conflict.

Explain how similarities and differences among people affect conflict prevention and management.

Apply the roles of decision making and problem solving in reducing and managing conflict.

Demonstrate nonviolent strategies that address conflict.

Demonstrate effective responses to harassment.

Assess community resources that support conflict prevention and management

Demonstrate teamwork and leadership skills in the family, workplace, and community.

Create an environment that encourages and respects the ideas, perspectives, and contributions of all group members.

Demonstrate strategies to motivate, encourage, and build trust in group members.

Demonstrate strategies that utilize the strengths and minimize the limitations of team members.

Demonstrate techniques that develop team and community spirit.

Demonstrate ways to organize and delegate responsibilities.

Create strategies to integrate new members into the team.

Demonstrate processes for cooperating, compromising, and collaborating.

Demonstrate standards that guide behavior in interpersonal relationships.

Apply critical thinking and ethical criteria to evaluate interpersonal relationships.

Apply ethical guidelines when assessing interpersonal issues and situations.

Apply critical thinking and ethical standards when making judgments and taking action.

Demonstrate ethical behavior in family, workplace, and community settings.

Compare the relative merits of opposing points of view regarding current ethical issues.

ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING

Create prototypes that use algorithms to solve computational problems by leveraging prior student knowledge and personal interests.

Use lists to simplify solutions, generalizing computational problems instead of repeatedly using simple variables.

Justify the selection of specific control structures when tradeoffs involve implementation, readability, and program performance, and explain the benefits and drawbacks of choices made.

Design and iteratively develop computational artifacts for practical intent, personal expression, or to address a societal issue by using events to initiate instructions.

Decompose problems into smaller components through systematic analysis, using constructs such as procedures, modules, and/or objects.

Create artifacts by using procedures within a program, combinations of data and procedures, or independent but interrelated programs.

Systematically design and develop programs for broad audiences by incorporating feedback from users.

Evaluate licenses that limit or restrict use of computational artifacts when using resources such as libraries.

Evaluate and refine computational artifacts to make them more usable and accessible.

Design and develop computational artifacts working in team roles using collaborative tools.

Document design decisions using text, graphics, presentations, and/or demonstrations in the development of complex programs.

COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Explain how abstractions hide the underlying implementation details of computing systems embedded in everyday objects.

Compare levels of abstraction and interactions between application software, system software, and hardware layers.

Develop guidelines that convey systematic troubleshooting strategies that others can use to identify and fix errors.

DATA AND ANALYSIS

Translate between different bit representations of real-world phenomena, such as characters, numbers, and images.

Evaluate the tradeoffs in how data elements are organized and where data is stored.

Create interactive data visualizations using software tools to help others better understand real-world phenomena.

Create computational models that represent the relationships among different elements of data collected from a phenomenon or process.

IMPACTS OF COMPUTING

Evaluate the ways computing impacts personal, ethical, social, economic, and cultural practices.

Test and refine computational artifacts to reduce bias and equity deficits.

Demonstrate ways a given algorithm applies to problems across disciplines.

Use tools and methods for collaboration on a project to increase connectivity of people in different cultures and career fields.

Explain the beneficial and harmful effects that intellectual property laws can have on innovation.

Explain the privacy concerns related to the collection and generation of data through automated processes that may not be evident to users.

Evaluate the social and economic implications of privacy in the context of safety, law, or ethics.

NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET

Evaluate the scalability and reliability of networks, by describing the relationship between routers, switches, servers, topology, and addressing.

Give examples to illustrate how sensitive data can be affected by malware and other attacks.

Recommend security measures to address various scenarios based on factors such as efficiency, feasibility, and ethical impacts.

Compare various security measures, considering tradeoffs between the usability and security of a computing system.

Explain tradeoffs when selecting and implementing cybersecurity recommendations.

ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING

Describe how artificial intelligence drives many software and physical systems.

Implement an artificial intelligence algorithm to play a game against a human opponent or solve a problem.

Use and adapt classic algorithms to solve computational problems.

Evaluate algorithms in terms of their efficiency, correctness, and clarity.

Compare and contrast fundamental data structures and their uses.

Illustrate the flow of execution of a recursive algorithm.

Construct solutions to problems using student-created components, such as procedures, modules and/or objects.

Analyze a large-scale computational problem and identify generalizable patterns that can be applied to a solution.

Demonstrate code reuse by creating programming solutions using libraries and APIs.

Plan and develop programs for broad audiences using a software life cycle process.

Explain security issues that might lead to compromised computer programs.

Develop programs for multiple computing platforms.

Use version control systems, integrated development environments (IDEs), and collaborative tools and practices (code documentation) in a group software project.

Develop and use a series of test cases to verify that a program performs according to its design specifications.

Modify an existing program to add additional functionality and discuss intended and unintended implications (e.g., breaking other functionality).

Evaluate key qualities of a program through a process such as a code review.

Compare multiple programming languages and discuss how their features make them suitable for solving different types of problems.

COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Categorize the roles of operating system software.

Illustrate ways computing systems implement logic, input, and output through hardware components.

DATA AND ANALYSIS

Use data analysis tools and techniques to identify patterns in data representing complex systems.

Select data collection tools and techniques to generate data sets that support a claim or communicate information.

Evaluate the ability of models and simulations to test and support the refinement of hypotheses.

IMPACTS OF COMPUTING

Evaluate computational artifacts to maximize their beneficial effects and minimize harmful effects on society.

Evaluate the impact of equity, access, and influence on the distribution of computing resources in a global society.

Predict how computational innovations that have revolutionized aspects of our culture might evolve.

Debate laws and regulations that impact the development and use of software.

NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET

Describe the issues that impact network functionality (e.g., bandwidth, load, delay, topology).

Compare ways software developers protect devices and information from unauthorized access.

Natural Selection and Evolution

Inheritance and Variation of Traits

Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

Matter and Energy in Organisms and Ecosystems

Structure and Function

Demonstrate that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins that are used to carry out cell functions.

Use models to illustrate the interaction of two body systems that provides specific functions.

Use an investigation to provide evidence that organisms react to change to regulate their internal conditions needed to stay alive.

Use a model to identify the role of cellular division and specialization of cells as the body grows and develops.

Use a model to illustrate how the process of photosynthesis transforms light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into chemical energy (sugar) for organisms to use.

Use models to show that common elements (C, H, O) can form bigger molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Use a model to describe that the process of cellular respiration transforms food molecules and oxygen molecules into a new substance, which results in the energy used by organisms to grow and survive.

Demonstrate that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins that are used to carry out cell functions.

Use models to illustrate the interaction of two body systems that provides specific functions.

Use an investigation to provide evidence that organisms react to change to regulate their internal conditions needed to stay alive.

Use a model to identify the role of cellular division and specialization of cells as the body grows and develops.

Use a model to illustrate how the process of photosynthesis transforms light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into chemical energy (sugar) for organisms to use.

Use models to show that common elements (C, H, O) can form bigger molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Use a model to describe that the process of cellular respiration transforms food molecules and oxygen molecules into a new substance, which results in the energy used by organisms to grow and survive.

Identify which is a living thing and made of cells.

Given a model of a human organ system, identify the organ that performs a specific function.

Given a change, identify one or more ways a human would react to stay alive.

Recognize that body growth and/or repair is a result of dividing cells.

Use a model to identify that light energy is needed for a plant to make and store food (sugar).

Sort foods into different groups or identify foods that belong to a given food group.

Use a model to identify that food is a source of energy for humans to grow and survive.

Demonstrate that the cell has a specific structure called DNA, which contains information to perform cellular functions.

Use models to identify the main organs or organ systems of familiar animals.

Use evidence to identify ways that animals regulate their internal conditions needed to stay alive.

Use a model to identify the role of cellular division in growing or maintaining the body.

Use a model to communicate that sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water transform into sugar for plants to use as food.

Identify foods that are classified as sources of carbohydrates (carbs) or sources of proteins.

Use a model to identify that cells break down food into new substances to provide energy for plants or animals to grow and survive.

Use graphs and/or data to explain the causeand-effect relationship among population sizes and available resources (food, shelter, water).

Use models to describe the flow of energy and conservation of matter among organisms of an ecosystem.

Use models to illustrate the cycling of carbon among living organisms, air, water, and soil.

Use data to select a solution for reducing the impact of human activities on a given an environmental condition.

Use data to select a solution for reducing the impact of human activities on a given environmental condition.

Identify a human activity that helps the environment.

Differentiate between human activities that are harmful or beneficial to the environment.

Use evidence to describe how group behavior affects the survival of groups of animals and individual animals.

Use graphs and/or data to explain the causeand-effect relationship among population sizes and available resources (food, shelter, water).

Use models to describe the flow of energy and conservation of matter among organisms of an ecosystem.

Use models to identify the cycling of carbon among living organisms, air, water, and soil.

Use evidence to describe how group behavior affects the survival of groups of animals and individual animals.

Use a simple graph to identify a cause for the change in a population of organisms.

Given a simple model of a familiar ecosystem, identify one member of a food chain that is consumed by another.

Given a familiar model, recognize that plants give humans oxygen and humans give plants carbon dioxide.

Identify a group behavior that increases an individual animal’s chances for survival.

Use a simple graph to identify possible causes of a change in population of organisms (food, shelter, water).

Use a simple model to describe a simple food chain.

Given a simple carbon cycle model, identify the flow of carbon between air and living organisms.

Given information or a scenario, identify the group behavior that is beneficial to groups of animals and individual animals.

Use models and/or illustrations to explain that offspring receive half of their genetic information from each parent resulting in offspring that look similar but not identical to the parents.

Use models and/or illustrations to explain that offspring receive half of their genetic information from each parent resulting in offspring that look similar but not identical to the parents.

Identify parent and offspring combinations.

Use models or illustrations to identify or predict physical traits passed from parent to offspring.

Use data to find patterns in the fossil record that demonstrate similarities and/or differences as organisms change over time.

Use evidence to explain that evolution is the result of the number of organisms with beneficial traits increasing due to their ability to survive (e.g., get more food, escape predators) which causes the number of organisms without the beneficial traits to decrease.

Given a fossil and two organisms, match the fossil to the organism that is related.

Use data to find patterns in the fossil record that demonstrate similarities and/or differences as organisms change over time.

Use evidence to explain that evolution is the result of the number of organisms with beneficial traits increasing due to their ability to survive (e.g., get more food, escape predators) which causes the number of organisms without the beneficial traits to decrease.

Given an environment and two vastly different organisms, identify which organism has the ability to survive in that environment.

Given pictures of fossils and their modern descendants, identify similarities or differences in their traits.

Given data, identify the beneficial traits (that will also be passed on to offspring) of an organism that make it more likely to survive in a particular environment or as an environment changes.

Analyze factors that influence nutrition and wellness practices across the life span.

Explain physical, emotional, social, psychological, cultural, and spiritual components of individual and family wellness.

Investigate the effects of psychological, cultural, and social influences on food choices and other nutrition practices.

Investigate the governmental, economic, and technological influences on food choices and practices.

Analyze the effects of global, regional, and local events and conditions on food choices and practices.

Analyze legislation and regulations related to nutrition and wellness.

Examine the nutritional needs of individuals and families in relation to health and wellness across the life span.

Evaluate the effect of nutrition on health, wellness and performance.

Analyze the relationship of nutrition and wellness to individual and family health throughout the life span.

Analyze the effects of food and diet fads, food addictions, and eating disorders on wellness.

Analyze sources of food and nutrition information, including food labels, related to health and wellness.

Demonstrate ability to acquire, handle, and use foods to meet nutrition and wellness needs of individuals and families across the life span.

Apply current dietary guidelines in planning to meet nutrition and wellness needs.

Design strategies that address the health and nutritional recommendations for individuals and families, including those with special needs.

Demonstrate ability to select, store, prepare, and serve nutritious, aesthetically pleasing food and food product.

Evaluate policies and practices that impact food security, sustainability, food integrity, and nutrition and wellness of individuals and families.

Evaluate factors that affect food safety from production through consumption.

Analyze conditions and practices that promote safe food handling.

Analyze safety and sanitation practices.

Analyze how changes in national and international food production and distribution systems influence the food supply, including sustainability, organic food production and the impact of genetically modified foods.

Investigate federal, state, and local inspection and labeling systems that protect the health of individuals and the public.

Analyze foodborne illness factors, including causes, potentially hazardous foods, and methods of prevention.

Analyze current consumer information about food safety and sanitation.

Evaluate the influence of science and technology on food, nutrition, and wellness.

Investigate how scientific and technical advances influence the nutrient content, availability, and safety of foods.

Analyze how the scientific and technical advances in food processing, storage, product development, and distribution influence nutrition and wellness.

Analyze the effects of technological advances on selection, preparation and home storage of food.

Analyze the effects of food science and technology on meeting nutritional needs.

Analyze roles and responsibilities of parenting.

Analyze parenting roles across the life span.

Analyze expectations and responsibilities of parenting.

Analyze influences of parenting practices on individuals, families, and society.

Analyze societal conditions that influence parenting across the life span.

Explain cultural differences and similarities in roles and responsibilities of parenting.

Evaluate parenting practices that maximize human growth and development.

Analyze nurturing practices that support human growth and development.

Apply communication strategies that promote emotional well-being in family members.

Assess common practices and emerging research about influences of discipline on human growth and development.

Analyze the effects of abuse and neglect on children and families and determine methods for prevention.

Apply criteria for selecting care and services for children and youth.

Evaluate external support systems that provide services for parents.

Analyze community resources and services available to families.

Analyze community resources that provide opportunities related to parenting.

Analyze current laws and policies related to parenting.

Analyze impacts of advocacy on laws and policies related to parenting.

Analyze physical and emotional factors related to beginning the parenting process.

Analyze biological processes related to prenatal development, birth, and health of child and mother.

Analyze social, emotional, and environmental factors of prenatal development and birth in relation to the health of parents and child.

Analyze alternatives to biological parenthood.

Analyze legal and ethical impacts of current and emerging technology on fertility and family planning.

Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation

Energy

Forces and Interactions

Chemical Reactions

Structure and Properties of Matter

Use the periodic table to identify patterns among familiar elements (such as, their location in the Periodic Table, the number of electrons, their relative size, and/or how they are classified). Familiar Elements include: Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen, Copper, Tin, Nickel, Carbon, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Lead, Iron, Gold, Silver, Aluminum, Neon.

Use models, simulations, or illustrations to explain patterns of chemical properties that occur in a substance during a common chemical reaction (e.g., baking soda and vinegar).

Use an investigation to describe the relationship between the melting and/or boiling points of a common substance and/or that as the temperature increases, so does the spacing and motion of the particles of the substance.

Use evidence to explain how changes in temperature and/or concentration of the reacting particles can affect the rate of reactions.

Use the periodic table to identify patterns among familiar elements (such as their location in the Periodic Table, the number of electrons, their relative size, and/or how they are classified). Familiar Elements include: Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen, Copper, Tin, Nickel, Carbon, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Lead, Iron, Gold, Silver, Aluminum, Neon.

Use models, simulations, or illustrations to explain patterns of chemical properties that occur in a substance during a common chemical reaction (e.g., baking soda and vinegar).

Use an investigation to describe the relationship between the melting and/or boiling points of a common substance and/or that as the temperature increases, so does the spacing and motion of the particles of the substance.

Use evidence to explain how changes in temperature and/or concentration of the reacting particles can affect the rate of reactions.

Given the name and description of a familiar element, identify a real-world use. Familiar elements include: Helium, Oxygen, Copper, Nickel, Sodium, Calcium, Iron, Gold, Silver, Aluminum, Neon.

After observing a familiar chemical reaction, identify a result of the chemical reaction.

Identify a familiar substance as boiling or melting.

While observing a chemical reaction involving the increase of temperature, identify the source of change (i.e., heat).

Use illustrations or models to identify how familiar elements are used in real-world situations. Familiar elements include: Helium, Oxygen, Copper, Tin, Nickel, Carbon, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Lead, Iron, Gold, Silver, Aluminum, Neon.

Use illustrations, models, or simulations to identify the changes that occur during a chemical reaction.

Use an investigation to identify the melting point and/or boiling point of a familiar substance.

While observing a chemical reaction identify that increasing the temperature makes the reaction happen faster.

Use data to describe how the net force acting on an object, or the mass of the object impacts its acceleration (as increasing, decreasing, or staying the same) or the direction of the object.

Use models, illustrations, or simulations to show the change in momentum of each object after two objects collide or show that the total momentum remains the same as before the collision.

Use models, illustrations, or simulations to show how factors, such as relative size, charge of particles, relative quantity of charges, and/or relative distance between objects affect the gravitational or electrostatic force between objects.

Use an investigation to identify evidence that an electric current produces a magnetic field and/or a changing magnetic field produces an electric current.

Use evidence to describe the relationship between the structure (properties) and function of natural materials or those made by humans.

Use data to describe how the net force acting on an object, or the mass of the object impacts its acceleration (as increasing, decreasing, or staying the same) or the direction of the object.

Use models, illustrations, or simulations to show the change in momentum of each object after two objects collide or show that the total momentum remains the same as before the collision.

Use models, illustrations, or simulations to show how factors, such as relative size, charge of particles, relative quantity of charges, and/or relative distance between objects affect the gravitational or electrostatic force between objects.

Use an investigation to identify evidence that an electric current produces a magnetic field and/or a changing magnetic field produces an electric current.

Use evidence to describe the relationship between the structure (properties) and function of natural materials or those made by humans.

Given an object that has a push/pull force applied and an object without a force applied, identify which of the two objects goes faster as it moves down a ramp or along a flat surface.

Given objects with and without momentum, identify the object that is moving.

Identify the objects that attract (stick together) or repel (push apart) due to electrostatic forces.

Given a simple electric circuit, identify when an electric current is flowing (such as when an appliance or device is on).

Observe and identify a material (such as metal, plastic, or plant material) used to make a familiar product.

Use data or simulations to determine how a force (e.g., push, pull, gravity, or friction) acting on an object changes the speed of an object. (e.g., faster, slower, stays same, or stops).

Using models, illustrations, or simulations, to describe that, after a collision between two objects, the force of movement (momentum) for each object is in the opposite direction of the original movement.

Use models, illustrations, or simulations to show how factors, such as charge of particles, and/or relative distance between objects affect the electrostatic force between the objects.

Use evidence to identify when a magnetic field and/or an electric current is flowing.

Use evidence to identify one or more structure properties (such as strength, weight, heat conductivity, durability, flexibility, magnetism, or buoyancy, etc.) of a given natural material or one made by humans.

Use evidence to describe devices that convert one form of energy into another form of energy.

Use an investigation to provide evidence that heat transfers between substances until energy is uniformly distributed.

Use a model to describe the magnetic or electric forces and fields of two interacting objects and/or the resulting change in the motion of the objects.

Use evidence to describe devices that convert one form of energy into another form of energy.

Use an investigation to provide evidence that heat transfers between substances until energy is uniformly distributed.

Use a model to describe the magnetic or electric forces and fields of two interacting objects and/or the resulting change in the motion of the objects.

Given demonstrations or models of energy, identify the form of energy.

Given two materials with different temperatures, identify which material is hotter or cooler, before or after a transfer of thermal energy.

Use the results of an experiment to identify materials that are attracted to a magnet.

Given evidence, identify one or more form(s) of energy used by a device.

Use evidence to compare the temperatures of two substances of different temperatures before and after combining.

Use a magnet to demonstrate that objects with opposite charges attract and objects with like charges repel.

Use a wave model to provide evidence to describe/identify a relationship between two wave properties (vibration, speed, wavelength, frequency) or how a device uses waves to transmit information.

Use evidence to describe advantages of digital devices and digital information storage.

Use a wave model to provide evidence to describe/identify a relationship between two wave properties (vibration, speed, wavelength, frequency) or how a device uses waves to transmit information.

Use evidence to describe advantages of digital devices and digital information storage.

Use models or a demonstration to identify the type of wave (sound, light, etc.) used in devices.

Given a digital device and an analog device, identify the digital device.

Use evidence to compare effects of sound or light traveling through media or recognize that a device uses waves to transmit information.

Use evidence to identify how digital devices are beneficial.

Analyze career paths within textiles, fashion, and apparel industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in textiles, fashion, and apparel careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in textiles, fashion, and apparel industries.

Analyze the effects of textiles, fashion, and apparel industries on local, state, national, and global economies.

Create an employment portfolio to communicate textiles, fashion, and apparel knowledge and skills.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in textiles, fashion, and apparel industries.

Evaluate textiles, fashion, and apparel products and materials and their use in diverse settings.

Apply appropriate terminology for identifying, comparing, and analyzing the most common generic textile fibers and fabrics.

Evaluate performance characteristics of textile fiber and fabrics.

Analyze textile legislation, standards, and labeling in the global economy.

Analyze characteristics of textile components in the design, construction, care, use, maintenance, and disposal or recycling of products.

Demonstrate appropriate procedures for care and disposal or recycling of textile products, considering diverse needs locally and globally.

Evaluate fibers and fabrics for sustainability factors.

Evaluate quality of textiles, fashion, and apparel construction and fit.

Demonstrate textiles, fashion, and apparel design skills.

Explain the ways in which fiber, fabric, texture, pattern, and finish can affect visual appearance.

Apply basic and complex color schemes and color theory to develop and enhance visual effects.

Utilize elements and principles of design in designing, constructing, and/or altering textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Demonstrate design concepts using fiber, fabric or digital means, employing draping and/or flat pattern making techniques.

Generate design that demonstrates consideration for ecological, environmental, ethnic, sociological, psychological, technical, and economic trends and issues.

Apply elements and principles of design to assist consumers and businesses in making decisions.

Demonstrate ability to use technology for fashion, apparel, and textile design.

Evaluate the impact of history of design and designers, arts and culture, trend setters, and global influences on textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Demonstrate skills needed to produce, alter, or repair textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Demonstrate professional skills in using traditional and technologically innovative equipment, tools, and supplies in textiles, fashion, and apparel construction, alteration, repair, and recycling.

Explain production processes for creating fibers, yarns, woven and knit fabrics, and non-woven textile products.

Use appropriate industry products and materials for cleaning, pressing, and finishing textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Analyze current technology, trends, and innovations that facilitate design and production of textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Demonstrate basic skills for production, alteration, repair and recycling of textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Evaluate elements of textiles, fashion, and apparel merchandising.

Apply marketing strategies for textiles, fashion, and apparel in the global marketplace.

Analyze the cost of constructing, manufacturing, distributing, altering, repairing or recycling textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Analyze ethical considerations for merchandising textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Analyze external factors that influence merchandising.

Critique a variety of methods for promoting textiles, fashion and apparel to diverse populations.

Apply research methods, including forecasting techniques, for marketing textiles, fashion, and apparel.

Evaluate the components of customer service.

Analyze factors that contribute to quality customer relations.

Analyze the influences of cultural expectations as a factor in customer relations.

Demonstrate the skills necessary for quality customer service.

Create solutions to address customer concerns.

Demonstrate professional operational practices required for business profitability and career success.

Analyze legislation, regulations, and public policy affecting the textiles, apparel, and fashion industries.

Analyze personal and employer responsibilities and liabilities regarding industry-related safety, security, sustainability, and environmental factors.

Analyze the effects of operational procedures such as security and inventory control strategies, cash and credit transaction methods and worksite policies on loss prevention and store profit.

Demonstrate procedures for reporting and handling accidents, safety, and security incidents.

Analyze wholesale and retail operational processes and other factors affecting profit.

Demonstrate knowledge of the impact of external factors upon the textile, apparel, and fashion industries.